Windows Vista Wikipedia.Windows Vista codenamed Longhorn7 is an operating system by Microsoft for use on personal computers, including home and business desktops, laptops, tablet PCs and media center PCs.Development was completed on 8 November 2.This page provides links to download drivers for IDBridge K30, IDBridge K50, USB Shell Token v2 and v3.On 3. 0 January 2.Windows Marketplace.The release of Windows Vista came more than five years after the introduction of its predecessor, Windows XP, the longest time span between successive releases of Microsoft Windows desktop operating systems.It was succeeded by Windows 7, which was released to manufacturing on 2.July 2. 00. 9 and released worldwide for retail on 2.October 2. 00. 9.New features of Windows Vista include an updated graphical user interface and visual style dubbed Aero, a new search component called Windows Search, redesigned networking, audio, print and display sub systems, and new multimedia tools such as Windows DVD Maker.Vista aimed to increase the level of communication between machines on a home network, using peer to peer technology to simplify sharing files and media between computers and devices.IC454011.gif' alt='Microsoft Ccid Driver Windows 7' title='Microsoft Ccid Driver Windows 7' />SPECIFICATIONS Operating system Preinstalled availability varies by region Windows 8 Pro 64bit Windows 8 64bitWindows 7 Ultimate 64bit.PCSC drivers This is the installer file for the Microsoftcertified drivers for the following Windows versions Windows 10, 8, 8.XP, Vista, 2000 Windows.MTokenCryptoID is a new generation smartcard based two factor authentication CCID device.The embedded Smartcard technology allows for highly robust authentication.Windows Vista included version 3.NET Framework, allowing software developers to write applications without traditional Windows APIs.Microsofts primary stated objective with Windows Vista was to improve the state of security in the Windows operating system.One common criticism of Windows XP and its predecessors was their commonly exploited security vulnerabilities and overall susceptibility to malware, viruses and buffer overflows.In light of this, Microsoft chairman Bill Gates announced in early 2.Trustworthy Computing initiative, which aimed to incorporate security into every aspect of software development at the company.Microsoft stated that it prioritized improving the security of Windows XP and Windows Server 2.Windows Vista, thus delaying its completion.While these new features and security improvements have garnered positive reviews, Vista has also been the target of much criticism and negative press.Criticism of Windows Vista has targeted its high system requirements, its more restrictive licensing terms, the inclusion of a number of, then, new DRM technologies aimed at restricting the copying of protected digital media, lack of compatibility with some pre Vista hardware and software, longer boot time, and the number of authorization prompts for User Account Control.As a result of these and other issues, Windows Vista had seen initial adoption and satisfaction rates lower than Windows XP.However, with an estimated 3.Internet users as of January 2.Vista usage had surpassed Microsofts pre launch two year out expectations of achieving 2.At the release of Windows 7 October 2.Windows Vista with approximately 4.Internet users was the second most widely used operating system on the Internet with an approximately 1.Windows XP with an approximately 6.In May 2. 01. 0, Windows Vistas market share had an estimated range from 1.On 2. 2 October 2.Microsoft ceased sales of retail copies of Windows Vista, and the OEM sales for Vista ceased a year later.As of September 2.Vistas market share was 0.Microsoft stopped providing extended support for Windows Vista on 1.April 2. 01. 7. 6Development.As Longhorn. Microsoft began work on Windows Vista, known at the time by its codename Longhorn, in May 2.Windows XP. It was originally expected to ship sometime late in 2.Windows XP and Blackcomb, which was planned to be the companys next major operating system release.Gradually, Longhorn assimilated many of the important new features and technologies slated for Blackcomb, resulting in the release date being pushed back several times in 3 years.In some builds of Longhorn, their license agreement said For the Microsoft product codenamed Whistler.Many of Microsofts developers were also re tasked to build updates to Windows XP and Windows Server 2.Faced with ongoing delays and concerns about feature creep, Microsoft announced on 2.August 2. 00. 4, that it had revised its plans.For this reason, Longhorn was reset to start work on componentizing the Windows Server 2.Service Pack 1 codebase, and over time re incorporating the features that would be intended for an actual operating system release.However, some previously announced features such as Win.FS were dropped or postponed, and a new software development methodology called the Security Development Lifecycle was incorporated in an effort to address concerns with the security of the Windows codebase, which is programmed in C, C and assembly.Longhorn became known as Vista in 2.The early development stages of Longhorn were generally characterized by incremental improvements and updates to Windows XP.During this period, Microsoft was fairly quiet about what was being worked on, as their marketing and public relations focus was more strongly focused on Windows XP, and Windows Server 2.April 2. 00. 3. Occasional builds of Longhorn were leaked onto popular file sharing networks such as IRC, Bit.Torrent, e. Donkey and various newsgroups, and so most of what is known about builds prior to the first sanctioned development release of Longhorn in May 2.After several months of relatively little news or activity from Microsoft with Longhorn, Microsoft released Build 4.Internet around 2.February 2. 00. 3.It was also privately handed out to a select group of software developers.As an evolutionary release over build 3.Plex theme and a new, simplified Windows Image based installer that operates in graphical mode from the outset, and completed an install of the operating system in approximately one third the time of Windows XP on the same hardware.An optional new taskbar was introduced that was thinner than the previous build and displayed the time differently.The most notable visual and functional difference, however, came with Windows Explorer.The incorporation of the Plex theme made blue the dominant color of the entire application.The Windows XP style task pane was almost completely replaced with a large horizontal pane that appeared under the toolbars.A new search interface allowed for filtering of results, searching of Windows help, and natural language queries that would be used to integrate with Win.FS. The animated search characters were also removed.The view modes were also replaced with a single slider that would resize the icons in real time, in list, thumbnail, or details mode, depending on where the slider was.File metadata was also made more visible and more easily editable, with more active encouragement to fill out missing pieces of information.Also of note was the conversion of Windows Explorer to being a.NET application. Most builds of Longhorn and Vista were identified by a label that was always displayed in the bottom right corner of the desktop.A typical build label would look like Longhorn Build 3.Lab. 06N. 0. 20. Higher build numbers did not automatically mean that the latest features from every development team at Microsoft was included.Typically, a team working on a certain feature or subsystem would generate their own working builds which developers would test with, and when the code was deemed stable, all the changes would be incorporated back into the main development tree at once.At Microsoft, a number of Build labs exist where the compilation of the entirety of Windows can be performed by a team.The name of the lab in which any given build originated is shown as part of the build label, and the date and time of the build follows that.Some builds such as Beta 1 and Beta 2 only display the build label in the version information dialog Winver.The icons used in these builds are from Windows XP.At the Windows Hardware Engineering Conference Win.HEC in May 2. 00.Microsoft gave their first public demonstrations of the new Desktop Window Manager and Aero.The demonstrations were done on a revised build 4.A number of sessions for developers and hardware engineers at the conference focused on these new features, as well as the Next Generation Secure Computing Base previously known as Palladium, which at the time was Microsofts proposed solution for creating a secure computing environment whereby any given component of the system could be deemed trusted.Also at this conference, Microsoft reiterated their roadmap for delivering Longhorn, pointing to an early 2.Development reset.Bit. Locker Wikipedia.Bit. Locker is a full disk encryption feature included with Windows Vista and later.It is designed to protect data by providing encryption for entire volumes.By default it uses the AES encryption algorithm in cipher block chaining CBC or XTS mode6 with a 1.CBC is not used over the whole disk it is applied to each individual sector.HistoryeditBit. Locker originated as a part of Microsofts Next Generation Secure Computing Base architecture in 2.Cornerstone,1. 01. Blackberry Software Download Orange Frogs . Code Integrity Rooting, was designed to validate the integrity of Microsoft Windows boot and system files.When used in conjunction with a compatible Trusted Platform Module TPM, Bit.Locker can validate the integrity of boot and system files before decrypting a protected volume an unsuccessful validation will prohibit access to a protected system.Bit. Locker was briefly called Secure Startup prior to Windows Vista being released to manufacturing.AvailabilityeditBit.Locker is available on Initially, the graphical Bit.Locker interface in Windows Vista could only encrypt the operating system volume.Starting with Windows Vista with Service Pack 1 and Windows Server 2.Still, some aspects of the Bit.Locker such as turning autolocking on or off had to be managed through a command line tool called manage bde.The latest version of Bit.Locker, first included in Windows 7 and Windows Server 2.R2, adds the ability to encrypt removable drives.On Windows XP or Windows Vista, read only access to these drives can be achieved through a program called Bit.Locker To Go Reader, if FAT1.FAT3. 2 or ex. FAT filesystems are used.In addition, a new command line tool called manage bde replaced the old manage bde.Starting with Windows Server 2.Windows 8, Microsoft has complemented Bit.Locker with the Microsoft Encrypted Hard Drive specification, which allows the cryptographic operations of Bit.Locker encryption to be offloaded to the storage devices hardware.In addition, Bit.Locker can now be managed through Windows Power.Shell. 1. 9 Finally, Windows 8 introduced Windows To Go in its Enterprise edition, which Bit.Locker can protect.Device encryptioneditWindows Mobile 6.Windows RT and core edition of Windows 8.Bit. Locker that encrypts the whole system.Logging in with a Microsoft account with administrative privileges automatically begins the encryption process.The recovery key is stored to either the Microsoft account or Active Directory, allowing it to be retrieved from any computer.While device encryption is offered on all versions of 8.Bit. Locker, device encryption requires that the device meet the Instant.Go formerly Connected Standby specifications,2.RAM to protect against cold boot attacks and a TPM 2.Encryption modeseditThere are three authentication mechanisms that can be used as building blocks to implement Bit.Locker encryption 2.Transparent operation mode This mode uses the capabilities of TPM 1.Windows as normal.The key used for disk encryption is sealed encrypted by the TPM chip and will only be released to the OS loader code if the early boot files appear to be unmodified.The pre OS components of Bit.Locker achieve this by implementing a Static Root of Trust Measurementa methodology specified by the Trusted Computing Group TCG.This mode is vulnerable to a cold boot attack, as it allows a powered down machine to be booted by an attacker.User authentication mode This mode requires that the user provide some authentication to the pre boot environment in the form of a pre boot PIN or password.USB Key Mode The user must insert a USB device that contains a startup key into the computer to be able to boot the protected OS.Note that this mode requires that the BIOS on the protected machine supports the reading of USB devices in the pre OS environment.The key may also be provided by a CCID for reading a cryptographic smartcard.Using CCID provides additional benefits beyond just storing the key file on an external USB thumb drive, because the CCID protocol hides the private key using a cryptographic processor embedded in the smartcard this prevents the key from being stolen by simply being read off the media on which it is stored.The following combinations of the above authentication mechanisms are supported, all with an optional escrow recovery key OperationeditBit.Locker is a logical volume encryption system.A volume spans part of a hard disk drive, the whole drive or more than one drive.When enabled, TPM and Bit.Locker can ensure the integrity of the trusted boot path e.BIOS and boot sector, in order to prevent most offline physical attacks and boot sector malware.In order for Bit.Locker to encrypt the volume holding the operating system, at least two NTFS formatted volumes are required one for the operating system usually C and another with a minimum size of 1.MB from which the operating system boots.Bit. Locker requires the latter to remain unencrypted3.Windows Vista this volume must be assigned a drive letter, while on Windows 7 that is not required.Unlike previous versions of Windows, Vistas diskpart command line tool includes the ability to shrink the size of an NTFS volume so that this volume may be created from already allocated space.A tool called the Bit.Locker Drive Preparation Tool is also available from Microsoft that allows an existing volume on Windows Vista to be shrunk to make room for a new boot volume and for the necessary bootstrapping files to be transferred to it.Once an alternate boot partition has been created, the TPM module needs to be initialized assuming that this feature is being used, after which the required disk encryption key protection mechanisms such as TPM, PIN or USB key are configured.The volume is then encrypted as a background task, something that may take a considerable amount of time with a large disk as every logical sector is read, encrypted and rewritten back to disk.The keys are only protected after the whole volume has been encrypted, when the volume is considered secure.Bit. Locker uses a low level device driver to encrypt and decrypt all file operations, making interaction with the encrypted volume transparent to applications running on the platform.Encrypting File System EFS may be used in conjunction with Bit.Locker to provide protection once the operating system is running.Protection of the files from processes and users within the operating system can only be performed using encryption software that operates within Windows, such as EFS.Bit. Locker and EFS, therefore, offer protection against different classes of attacks.In Active Directory environments, Bit.Locker supports optional key escrow to Active Directory, although a schema update may be required for this to work i.Active Directory Services are hosted on a Windows version previous to Windows Server 2.Bit. Locker and other full disk encryption systems can be attacked by a rogue boot manager.Once the malicious bootloader captures the secret, it can decrypt the Volume Master Key VMK, which would then allow access to decrypt or modify any information on an encrypted hard disk.By configuring a TPM to protect the trusted boot pathway, including the BIOS and boot sector, Bit.Locker can mitigate this threat.Note that some non malicious changes to the boot path may cause a Platform Configuration Register check to fail, and thereby generate a false warning.Security concernseditAccording to Microsoft sources,3.Bit. Locker does not contain an intentionally built in backdoor without a backdoor there is no way for law enforcement to have a guaranteed passage to the data on the users drives that is provided by Microsoft.In 2. 00. 6 the UK Home Office expressed concern over the lack of a backdoor3.Microsoft to get one introduced, although Microsoft developer Niels Ferguson and other Microsoft spokesmen state that they will not grant the wish to have one added.Microsoft engineers have said that FBI agents also put pressure on them in numerous meetings in order to add a backdoor, although no formal, written request was ever made Microsoft engineers eventually suggested to the FBI that agents should look for the hard copy of the key that the Bit.Locker program suggests its users to make.Although the AES encryption algorithm used in Bit.Locker is in the public domain, its implementation in Bit.
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